Rare earth elements are the collection of seventeen elements in the periodic table, namely scandium, yttrium and the lanthanide series. They are incorporated into many modern technological devices, including superconductors, miniaturized magnets, electronic polishers, refining catalysts, hybrid car components, electric vehicle, wind turbine, display & lighting, intelligent robot etc. International Conference on Rare Earth Development and Application (ICRE) is a series international conference organized by China since 1985, the Chinese Society of Rare Earths (CSRE) has successfully organized eight sessions of international conferences. More than 300 scholars, experts and entrepreneurs participated in the latest conference (ICRE’2016) in Lanzhou University, China.